Update install.sh

README.md

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 
 This installation script aims for a simple (read minimal) Arch Linux installation, which is modern in the way that it uses UEFI, systemd-boot and Wayland, secure in the way that it uses full-disk encryption using LUKS as well as flexibility by using Btrfs subvolumes for the root and home partition.  
 
-Tested and working as of **June 2026**.
+Tested and working as of **February 2025**.
 
 ![Post-install screenshot.](img/screenshot.png)
 

install.sh

@@ -1,22 +1,20 @@
 #!/bin/bash
 
+# https://wizardzines.com/comics/bash-errors/bash-errors.png
 set -euo pipefail
 
-# Write log
 exec >> >(tee -i /tmp/install.log)
 exec 2>&1
 
-function cleanup() {
-  umount /mnt/boot
-  umount /mnt/home
-  umount /mnt
-  cryptsetup close /dev/mapper/main
-}
-trap cleanup EXIT
-
 clear
 
-# Friendly introduction
+# Check root
+if [[ $(id -u) -ne 0 ]]; then
+  echo "This script needs to be run as root!"
+  exit 1
+fi
+
+# Friendly introduction.
 echo "0. WELCOME"
 echo "Welcome to the Arch Linux installation script!"
 echo "This script will ERASE ALL DATA on the partition you will choose next!"
@@ -28,49 +26,62 @@ if [[ ! $REPLY =~ ^[Yy]$ ]]; then
 fi
 clear
 
-##########
+# Selecting disk.
-
-# Selecting disk
 echo "1. PARTITIONING"
 echo "Please select a disk to partition:"
 echo
 
-# Don't separate values by space
+# Don't separate values by space.
 IFS=$'\n'
 
-# Set variable containing name and size of all disks
+# Set variable containing name and size of all disks.
 declare -a dsks=( $(lsblk -d | tail -n+2 | awk '{print $1" "$4}') )
 
-# Select value on array
+# Select value on array.
-select dev in "${dsks[@]}"; do
+select dev in "${dsks[@]}"
-  break
+do
+
+break
 done
 echo
 
-# Separate values by spaces
+# Separate values by spaces.
 IFS=' '
 
-# Create new variable of selection
+# Create new variable of selection.
 array=(${dev})
 dev="${array[0]}"
 
-clear
+# TODO Check disk size
+# Disk auswählen (Variable `dev` muss gesetzt sein)
+#disk="/dev/${dev}"
 
-##########
+# Festplattengröße in Gigabyte berechnen
+#disk_size=$(lsblk -b -n -o SIZE "$disk" | awk '{print $1 / 1024 / 1024 / 1024}')
+
+# Prüfen, ob die Festplatte größer als 10 GB ist
+#if (( $(echo "$disk_size >= 10" | bc -l) )); then
+#  echo "✅ Die Festplatte hat $disk_size GB und ist größer als 10 GB."
+#else
+#  echo "❌ Fehler: Die Festplatte ist zu klein ($disk_size GB). Bitte eine größere auswählen."
+#  exit 1
+#fi
+
+clear
 
 echo "2. ENCRYPTION"
 echo
 
 # Setting encryption password.
 echo "Choose a strong password for encrypting the primary partition:"
-pwcr=""
+password_encrypt=""
-while [[ -z "${pwcr}" ]]; do
+while [[ -z "${password_encrypt}" ]]; do
-  echo "Please enter a password: "
+  #echo "Please enter a password: "
-  read -rs pwfr
+  read -rs -p "Please enter a password: " password_first
-  read -rs -p "Retype a password: " pwsc
+  read -rs -p "Retype a password: " password_second
-    if [[ "${pwfr}" == "${pwsc}" ]];
+    if [[ "${password_first}" == "${password_second}" ]];
     then
-      pwcr="${pwfr}"
+      password_encrypt="${password_first}"
       echo
       echo "Both passwords are the same. Continuing.."
       break
@@ -83,32 +94,32 @@ done
 
 clear
 
-##########
-
 echo "3. HOSTNAME"
 echo
 
-# Setting hostname.
+# Setting hostname
-echo "Before installing the system, please enter a hostname:"
+#echo "Before installing the system, please enter a hostname:"
-read -r host
+read -r -p "Before installing the system, please enter a hostname: " host
+while [[ -z "${host}" ]]; do
+  echo "Hostname can not be empty!"
+  read -r -p "Please enter a hostname: " host
+done
 
 clear
 
-##########
-
 echo "4. ROOT PASSWORD"
 echo
 
-# Setting root password.
+# Setting root password
 echo "Choose a password for the root account:"
-pwr=""
+password_root=""
-while [[ -z "${pwr}" ]]; do
+while [[ -z "${password_root}" ]]; do
-  echo "Please enter a password: "
+  #echo "Please enter a password: "
-  read -rs pwfr
+  read -rs -p "Please enter a password: " password_first
-  read -rs -p "Retype a password: " pwsc
+  read -rs -p "Retype a password: " password_second
 
-  if [[ "${pwfr}" == "${pwsc}" ]]; then
+  if [[ "${password_first}" == "${password_second}" ]]; then
-    pwrt="${pwfr}"
+    password_root="${password_first}"
     echo
     echo "Both passwords are the same. Continuing.."
     break
@@ -125,21 +136,26 @@ echo "4. USER"
 echo
 
 # Setting username
-echo "Please enter a username:"
+#echo "Please enter a username:"
-read -r user
+read -r -p "Please enter a username: " user
+while [[ -z "${user}" ]]; do
+  echo "Benutzername darf nicht leer sein!"
+  read -r -p "Please enter a username: " user
+done
+
 echo
 
-# Setting user password
+# Setting user password.
 echo "Also please choose a password for your user:"
-pwu=""
+password_user=""
-while [[ -z "${pwu}" ]]; do
+while [[ -z "${password_user}" ]]; do
-  echo "Please enter a password: "
+  #echo "Please enter a password: "
-  read -rs pwfr
+  read -rs -p "Please enter a password: " password_first
-  read -rs -p "Retype a password: " pwsc
+  read -rs -p "Retype a password: " password_second 
 
-  if [[ "${pwfr}" == "${pwsc}" ]];
+  if [[ "${password_first}" == "${password_second}" ]];
   then
-    pwur="${pwfr}"
+    password_user="${password_first}"
     echo
     echo "Both passwords are the same. Continuing.."
     break
@@ -152,68 +168,62 @@ done
 
 clear
 
-##########
-
 echo "5. INSTALLING SYSTEM.."
 echo
 
-# Starting partitioning
+# Starting partitioning.
 echo "Partitioning /dev/${dev}.."
 echo
 
-# Clearing partition table of selected disk
+# Clearing partition table of selected disk.
 echo "Clearing existing partitioning table."
 sgdisk -Z "/dev/${dev}"
 echo
 
-# Creating boot partition
+# Creating boot partition.
 echo "Creating boot partition of 512 MB."
 sgdisk -n 1:0:+512M "/dev/${dev}"
 echo
 
-# Setting type for EFI
+# Setting type for EFI.
 echo "Setting partition type."
 sgdisk -t 1:ef00 "/dev/${dev}"
 echo
 
-# Creating system partition
+# Creating system partition.
 echo "Creating system partition."
 sgdisk -n 2:0:0 "/dev/${dev}"
 echo
 
-# Print partitions
+# Print partitions.
 echo "This is your new partition table:"
 lsblk | grep "${dev}"
 echo
 
-# Get new variable
+# Get new variable.
 if [[ "${dev}" = "nvme0n1" ]]; then
   main="${dev}p2"
 else
   main="${dev}2"
 fi
 
-# Encrypting partition
+# Encrypting partition.
 echo "Encrypting system partition. This might take a while."
 echo
-
+echo -en "${password_encrypt}\n${password_encrypt}" | cryptsetup -c aes-xts-plain -s 512 luksFormat "/dev/${main}"
-# https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Dm-crypt/Device_encryption#Encryption_options_for_LUKS_mode
-echo -en "${pwcr}\n${pwcr}" | cryptsetup -s 512 luksFormat /dev/$main
 echo "Partition successfully encrypted."
 echo
 
-# Opening encrypted partition and mounting at /dev/mapper/main
+# Opening encrypted partition and mounting at /dev/mapper/main.
 echo "Decrypting.. This also might take a while."
 echo
-echo -en "${pwcr}\n${pwcr}" | cryptsetup luksOpen "/dev/${main}" main
+echo -en "${password_encrypt}\n${password_encrypt}" | cryptsetup luksOpen "/dev/${main}" main
 echo "Partition successfully opened."
 echo
 
 lsblk | grep "${dev}"
 echo
 
-##########
-
 echo "Creating the filesystem."
 
 if [ "${dev}" = "nvme0n1" ]; then
@@ -222,12 +232,11 @@ else
   boot="${dev}1"
 fi
 
-# Create boot filesystem
 mkfs.fat -F 32 -n UEFI "/dev/${boot}"
 echo "Filesystem for boot successfully created."
 echo
 
-# Creating btrfs filesystem
+# Creating btrfs partition.
 mkfs.btrfs "/dev/mapper/main"
 
 mount "/dev/mapper/main" "/mnt"
@@ -235,6 +244,7 @@ mount "/dev/mapper/main" "/mnt"
 btrfs subvolume create "/mnt/root"
 btrfs subvolume create "/mnt/home"
 
+sync
 umount "/mnt"
 echo
 
@@ -250,10 +260,7 @@ echo
 lsblk -a
 echo
 
-##########
+# Updating mirrors using reflector.
-
-# Updating mirrors using reflector
-# https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Installation_guide#Select_the_mirrors
 echo "Updating mirrors.."
 reflector --verbose --latest 10 --country Germany --age 24 --protocol https --sort rate --save /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist
 echo "Done."
@@ -267,56 +274,56 @@ if checkupdates | grep -q archlinux-keyring; then
 fi
 echo
 
-# Installing base system
+# Installing base system.
-# https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Installation_guide#Install_essential_packages
 echo "Installing basic packages.."
 
-# Base packages
+# Basis-Pakete
 base_packages=(
-    base  # Arch Linux Base
+    base
-    btrfs-progs  # Btrfs
+    btrfs-progs
     firefox
-    konsole  # Terminal
+    konsole
     linux
     linux-firmware
     linux-zen
-    nano  # Editor
+    nano
     networkmanager
-    plasma-login-manager
+    sddm
+    sddm-kcm
     sudo
     xorg-xwayland
     plasma-desktop
-    plasma-nm  # Network manager applet
+    plasma-nm
 )
 
-# Necessary Plasma integrations
+# Notwendige Plasma-Integrationen
 plasma_integrations=(
-    plasma-pa  # Audio applet
+    plasma-pa
-    breeze-gtk  # Widget theme
+    breeze-gtk
-    kde-gtk-config  # Syncs KDE settings to GTK applications
+    kde-gtk-config
-    kdeplasma-addons  # Misc addons: https://github.com/KDE/kdeplasma-addons
+    kdeplasma-addons
-    kscreen  # Adds screen management to settings
+    kscreen
     plasma-browser-integration
-    powerdevil  # Power management 
+    powerdevil
 )
 
 # KDE Utilities
 kde_utils=(
-  ark  # Archiving tool
+  ark
-  bluedevil  # Bluetooth
+  bluedevil
-  discover  # GUI package management
+  discover
-  dolphin  # File browser
+  dolphin
-  filelight  # Disk usage analyzer
+  filelight
-  gwenview  # Image viewer
+  gwenview
-  kate  # Text editor
+  kate
-  kcalc  # Calculator
+  kcalc
-  kdeconnect  # Mobile synchronisation tool
+  kdeconnect
-  kinfocenter  # System information
+  kinfocenter
-  #kmag  # Doesn't work on Wayland
+  kmag
   plasma-systemmonitor
-  okular  # PDF viewer
+  okular
-  partitionmanager  # partitioning utility
+  partitionmanager
-  spectacle  # Screenshot utility
+  spectacle
 )
 
 # Additional default software
@@ -328,7 +335,7 @@ default_software=(
   wireplumber
 )
 
-# Put all packages together
+# Alle Pakete zusammenführen
 all_packages=(
     "${base_packages[@]}"
     "${plasma_integrations[@]}"
@@ -336,89 +343,87 @@ all_packages=(
     "${default_software[@]}"
 )
 
-# Install packages
+# Pakete installieren
 pacstrap "/mnt" "${all_packages[@]}"
 
 echo "Base system installed."
 echo
 
-##########
+# Generating fstab.
-
-# Generating fstab
-# https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Installation_guide#Fstab
 echo "Generating fstab.."
 genfstab -Up "/mnt" > "/mnt/etc/fstab"
 echo "Done."
 echo
 
-# Set hardware clock
+# Setting hostname.
-# https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Installation_guide#Time
+echo "Setting hostname.."
-arch-chroot "/mnt" hwclock --systohc  # Set the Hardware Clock to the current System Time
+echo "${host}" > "/mnt/etc/hostname"
-
-# Generate locale
-# https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Installation_guide#Localization
-echo "en_US.UTF-8 UTF-8" >> "/mnt/etc/locale.gen"
-arch-chroot "/mnt" locale-gen
-
-# Set keymap, locale, timezone and hostname
-# https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Systemd-firstboot
-service_dir="/mnt/etc/systemd/system/systemd-firstboot.service.d"
-mkdir "${service_dir}"
-
-rootdir="/mnt"
-keymap="de-latin1-nodeadkeys"
-locale="en_US.UTF-8"
-timezone="Europe/Berlin"
-
-cat << EOF > "${service_dir}/install.conf"
-[Unit]
-ConditionFirstBoot=
-
-[Service]
-ExecStart=
-ExecStart=/usr/bin/systemd-firstboot --root="${rootdir}" --keymap="${keymap}" --locale="${locale}" --timezone="${timezone}" --hostname="${host}" --force
-
-[Install]
-WantedBy=sysinit.target
-EOF
-
-arch-chroot "/mnt" systemctl enable systemd-firstboot.service
-
-##########
-
-# Editing mkinitcpio.conf
-echo "Editing /etc/mkinitcpio.conf.."
-sed -i '55s/.*/HOOKS=(base udev autodetect microcode modconf kms block keyboard keymap encrypt filesystems fsck shutdown)/' /mnt/etc/mkinitcpio.conf
 echo "Done."
 echo
 
-# Editing taskbar
+# Setting locale.
+echo "Setting and generating locale.."
+cat << EOF > "/mnt/etc/locale.gen"
+en_US.UTF-8 UTF-8
+EOF
+
+#echo "${localegen}" >>/mnt/etc/locale.gen
+arch-chroot "/mnt" locale-gen
+echo "LANG=en_US.UTF-8" > "/mnt/etc/locale.conf"
+echo "KEYMAP=de-latin1" > "/mnt/etc/vconsole.conf"
+echo "Done."
+echo
+
+# Set X locale and keyboard alyout.
+echo "Setting locale and keyboard layout."
+
+#arch-chroot /mnt localectl --no-convert set-keymap de-latin1-nodeadkeys
+systemd-firstboot --root=/mnt --keymap=de-latin1-nodeadkeys
+
+cat << EOF > "/mnt/etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/00-keyboard.conf"
+# Written by systemd-localed(8), read by systemd-localed and Xorg. It's
+# probably wise not to edit this file manually. Use localectl(1) to
+# instruct systemd-localed to update it.
+Section "InputClass"
+        Identifier "system-keyboard"
+        MatchIsKeyboard "on"
+        Option "XkbLayout" "de"
+        Option "XkbModel" "pc105"
+        Option "XkbVariant" "deadgraveacute"
+EndSection
+EOF
+echo "Done."
+echo
+
+# Editing mkinitcpio.conf.
+echo "Editing /etc/mkinitcpio.conf.."
+sed -i 's/^HOOKS=.*/HOOKS=(base udev autodetect microcode modconf kms block keyboard keymap encrypt filesystems fsck shutdown)/' /mnt/etc/mkinitcpio.conf
+#sed -i '55s/.*/HOOKS=(base udev autodetect microcode modconf kms block keyboard keymap encrypt filesystems fsck shutdown)/' /mnt/etc/mkinitcpio.conf
+echo "Done."
+echo
+
+# Editing taskbar.
 #sed -i '65s/.*/launchers=applications:systemsettings.desktop,applications:org.kde.konsole.desktop,applications:firefox.desktop/' /mnt/home/${user}/.config/plasma-org.kde.plasma.desktop-appletsrc
 
-# Creating inital ramdisk
+# Creating inital ramdisk.
-# https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Installation_guide#Initramfs
 echo "Creating inital ramdisk for linux-zen.."
 arch-chroot /mnt mkinitcpio -p linux-zen
 echo "Done."
 echo
 
-# Enable network and display manager
+# Enable network and display manager.
-echo "Enabling NetworkManager and Plasma Login Manager.."
+echo "Enabling Networkmanager and display manager (sddm).."
-arch-chroot "/mnt" systemctl enable NetworkManager plasmalogin
+arch-chroot "/mnt" systemctl enable NetworkManager sddm
 echo "Done."
 echo
 
-##########
-
 # Set root password
-# https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Installation_guide#Root_password
 echo "Setting root password.."
-echo -en "${pwrt}\n${pwrt}" | arch-chroot "/mnt" passwd
+echo -en "${password_root}\n${password_root}" | arch-chroot "/mnt" passwd
 echo "Done."
 echo
 
-# Install bootloader
+# Install bootloader.
-# https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Installation_guide#Boot_loader
 echo "Installing systemd-boot.."
 arch-chroot "/mnt" bootctl --path=/boot install
 echo "Done."
@@ -427,7 +432,7 @@ echo
 # Get UUID for primary partition
 uuid=$(ls -l /dev/disk/by-uuid | grep "${main}" | awk '{print $9}')
 
-# Set bootloader entry
+# Set bootloader entry.
 echo "Setting up bootloader.."
 cat << EOF > "/mnt/boot/loader/entries/arch.conf"
 title   Arch Linux
@@ -442,7 +447,7 @@ options lang=de locale=de_DE.UTF-8
 options init=/usr/lib/systemd/systemd
 EOF
 
-# Set bootloader fallback entry
+# Set bootloader fallback entry.
 cat << EOF > "/mnt/boot/loader/entries/arch-fallback.conf"
 title   Arch Linux Fallback
 linux   /vmlinuz-linux
@@ -454,31 +459,60 @@ options lang=de locale=de_DE.UTF-8
 options init=/usr/lib/systemd/systemd
 EOF
 
-# Set bootloader
+# Set bootloader.
 echo "timeout 1" >> "/mnt/boot/loader/loader.conf"
 echo "default arch.conf" >> "/mnt/boot/loader/loader.conf"
 echo "Done."
 echo
 
-# Set username, password and group
+# Set username, password and group.
 echo "Adding user.."
 arch-chroot /mnt useradd -m "${user}"
-echo -en "${pwur}\n${pwur}" | arch-chroot /mnt passwd "${user}"
+echo -en "${password_user}\n${password_user}" | arch-chroot /mnt passwd "${user}"
 arch-chroot /mnt gpasswd -a "${user}" wheel
 sed -i '82s/.*/%wheel ALL=(ALL) ALL/' /mnt/etc/sudoers
 echo "Done."
 echo
 
-# Enabling plasma login manager auto login
+# Enabling sddm auto-login.
-echo "Enabling auto login.."
+echo "Enabling auto-login.."
-cat << EOF > /mnt/etc/plasmalogin.conf
+mkdir /mnt/etc/sddm.conf.d
+cat << EOF > /mnt/etc/sddm.conf.d/autologin.conf
 [Autologin]
-Session=plasma.desktop
 User=${user}
+Session=plasma
 EOF
 echo "Done."
 echo
 
+# Adding sddm config.
+cat << EOF > /mnt/etc/sddm.conf.d/kde_settings.conf
+[Autologin]
+Relogin=false
+Session=plasma
+User=${user}
+
+[General]
+HaltCommand=/usr/bin/systemctl poweroff
+RebootCommand=/usr/bin/systemctl reboot
+
+[Theme]
+Current=breeze
+
+[Users]
+MaximumUid=60513
+MinimumUid=1000
+EOF
+
+# Unmounting and rebooting.
+echo "Unmounting system.."
+sync
+umount "/mnt/boot"
+umount "/mnt/home"
+umount "/mnt"
+echo "Done."
+echo
+
 clear
 
 echo "Installation finished!"