Arch-Linux-Installer/install.sh

#!/bin/bash

set -euo pipefail

# Write log
exec >> >(tee -i /tmp/install.log)
exec 2>&1

function cleanup() {
  umount /mnt/boot
  umount /mnt/home
  umount /mnt
  cryptsetup close /dev/mapper/main
}
trap cleanup EXIT

clear

# Friendly introduction
echo "0. WELCOME"
echo "Welcome to the Arch Linux installation script!"
echo "This script will ERASE ALL DATA on the partition you will choose next!"
echo
read -p "Do you want to continue? Type [Y]es or [N]o. " -n 1 -r
echo
if [[ ! $REPLY =~ ^[Yy]$ ]]; then
  exit 1
fi
clear

##########

# Selecting disk
echo "1. PARTITIONING"
echo "Please select a disk to partition:"
echo

# Don't separate values by space
IFS=$'\n'

# Set variable containing name and size of all disks
declare -a dsks=( $(lsblk -d | tail -n+2 | awk '{print $1" "$4}') )

# Select value on array
select dev in "${dsks[@]}"; do
  break
done
echo

# Separate values by spaces
IFS=' '

# Create new variable of selection
array=(${dev})
dev="${array[0]}"

clear

##########

echo "2. ENCRYPTION"
echo

# Setting encryption password.
echo "Choose a strong password for encrypting the primary partition:"
pwcr=""
while [[ -z "${pwcr}" ]]; do
  echo "Please enter a password: "
  read -rs pwfr
  read -rs -p "Retype a password: " pwsc
    if [[ "${pwfr}" == "${pwsc}" ]];
    then
      pwcr="${pwfr}"
      echo
      echo "Both passwords are the same. Continuing.."
      break
    else
      echo
      echo "You have entered different passwords. Try again.."
      echo
    fi
done

clear

##########

echo "3. HOSTNAME"
echo

# Setting hostname.
echo "Before installing the system, please enter a hostname:"
read -r host

clear

##########

echo "4. ROOT PASSWORD"
echo

# Setting root password.
echo "Choose a password for the root account:"
pwr=""
while [[ -z "${pwr}" ]]; do
  echo "Please enter a password: "
  read -rs pwfr
  read -rs -p "Retype a password: " pwsc

  if [[ "${pwfr}" == "${pwsc}" ]]; then
    pwrt="${pwfr}"
    echo
    echo "Both passwords are the same. Continuing.."
    break
  else
    echo
    echo "You have entered different passwords. Try again.."
    echo
  fi
done

clear

echo "4. USER"
echo

# Setting username
echo "Please enter a username:"
read -r user
echo

# Setting user password
echo "Also please choose a password for your user:"
pwu=""
while [[ -z "${pwu}" ]]; do
  echo "Please enter a password: "
  read -rs pwfr
  read -rs -p "Retype a password: " pwsc

  if [[ "${pwfr}" == "${pwsc}" ]];
  then
    pwur="${pwfr}"
    echo
    echo "Both passwords are the same. Continuing.."
    break
  else
    echo
    echo "You have entered different passwords. Try again.."
    echo
  fi
done

clear

##########

echo "5. INSTALLING SYSTEM.."
echo

# Starting partitioning
echo "Partitioning /dev/${dev}.."
echo

# Clearing partition table of selected disk
echo "Clearing existing partitioning table."
sgdisk -Z "/dev/${dev}"
echo

# Creating boot partition
echo "Creating boot partition of 512 MB."
sgdisk -n 1:0:+512M "/dev/${dev}"
echo

# Setting type for EFI
echo "Setting partition type."
sgdisk -t 1:ef00 "/dev/${dev}"
echo

# Creating system partition
echo "Creating system partition."
sgdisk -n 2:0:0 "/dev/${dev}"
echo

# Print partitions
echo "This is your new partition table:"
lsblk | grep "${dev}"
echo

# Get new variable
if [[ "${dev}" = "nvme0n1" ]]; then
  main="${dev}p2"
else
  main="${dev}2"
fi

# Encrypting partition
echo "Encrypting system partition. This might take a while."
echo

# https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Dm-crypt/Device_encryption#Encryption_options_for_LUKS_mode
echo -en "${pwcr}\n${pwcr}" | cryptsetup -s 512 luksFormat /dev/$main
echo "Partition successfully encrypted."
echo

# Opening encrypted partition and mounting at /dev/mapper/main
echo "Decrypting.. This also might take a while."
echo
echo -en "${pwcr}\n${pwcr}" | cryptsetup luksOpen "/dev/${main}" main
echo "Partition successfully opened."
clear

##########

echo "Creating the filesystem."

if [ "${dev}" = "nvme0n1" ]; then
  boot="${dev}p1"
else
  boot="${dev}1"
fi

# Create boot filesystem
mkfs.fat -F 32 -n UEFI "/dev/${boot}"
echo "Filesystem for boot successfully created."
echo

# Creating btrfs filesystem
mkfs.btrfs "/dev/mapper/main"

mount "/dev/mapper/main" "/mnt"

btrfs subvolume create "/mnt/root"
btrfs subvolume create "/mnt/home"

umount "/mnt"
echo

echo "Mounting.."
mount -o autodefrag,compress=zstd:3,subvol=root "/dev/mapper/main" "/mnt"
mkdir "/mnt/home"
mount -o autodefrag,compress=zstd:3,subvol=home "/dev/mapper/main" "/mnt/home"
mkdir "/mnt/boot"
mount "/dev/${boot}" "/mnt/boot"
echo "Mounting complete."
clear

##########

# Updating mirrors using reflector
# https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Installation_guide#Select_the_mirrors
echo "Updating mirrors.."
reflector --verbose --latest 10 --country Germany --age 24 --protocol https --sort rate --save /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist
echo "Done."
echo

# Check if keyring is up-to-date
echo "Updating keyring.."
pacman -Sy archlinux-keyring --needed --noconfirm
echo "Done."
echo

# Installing base system
# https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Installation_guide#Install_essential_packages
echo "Installing basic packages.."

# Base packages
base_packages=(
    base  # Arch Linux Base
    btrfs-progs  # Btrfs
    firefox
    konsole  # Terminal
    linux
    linux-firmware
    linux-zen
    nano  # Editor
    networkmanager
    plasma-login-manager
    sudo
    xorg-xwayland
    plasma-desktop
    plasma-nm  # Network manager applet
)

# Necessary Plasma integrations
plasma_integrations=(
    plasma-pa  # Audio applet
    breeze-gtk  # Widget theme
    kde-gtk-config  # Syncs KDE settings to GTK applications
    kdeplasma-addons  # Misc addons: https://github.com/KDE/kdeplasma-addons
    kscreen  # Adds screen management to settings
    plasma-browser-integration
    powerdevil  # Power management 
)

# KDE Utilities
kde_utils=(
  ark  # Archiving tool
  bluedevil  # Bluetooth
  discover  # GUI package management
  dolphin  # File browser
  filelight  # Disk usage analyzer
  gwenview  # Image viewer
  kate  # Text editor
  kcalc  # Calculator
  kdeconnect  # Mobile synchronisation tool
  kinfocenter  # System information
  #kmag  # Doesn't work on Wayland
  plasma-systemmonitor
  okular  # PDF viewer
  partitionmanager  # partitioning utility
  spectacle  # Screenshot utility
)

# Additional default software
default_software=(
  libreoffice
  pipewire
  pipewire-pulse
  pipewire-alsa
  wireplumber
)

# Put all packages together
all_packages=(
    "${base_packages[@]}"
    "${plasma_integrations[@]}"
    "${kde_utils[@]}"
    "${default_software[@]}"
)

# Install packages
pacstrap "/mnt" "${all_packages[@]}"

echo "Base system installed."
clear

##########

# Generating fstab
# https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Installation_guide#Fstab
echo "Generating fstab.."
genfstab -Up "/mnt" > "/mnt/etc/fstab"
echo "Done."
echo

# Set time and hardware clock
# https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Installation_guide#Time
echo "Setting timezone and clock.."
arch-chroot "/mnt" ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Europe/Berlin /etc/localtime
arch-chroot "/mnt" hwclock --systohc
echo "Done."
echo

# Set hostname
# https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Installation_guide#Network_configuration
echo "Setting hostname.."
echo "${host}" > "/mnt/etc/hostname"
echo "Done."
echo

# Set locale and keymap
# https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Installation_guide#Localization
echo "Setting locale and keymap.."
echo "en_US.UTF-8 UTF-8" >> "/mnt/etc/locale.gen"
echo "de_DE.UTF-8 UTF-8" >> "/mnt/etc/locale.gen"
arch-chroot "/mnt" locale-gen
arch-chroot "/mnt" localectl set-locale LANG=en_US.UTF-8

echo "KEYMAP=de-latin1-nodeadkeys" > "/mnt/etc/vconsole.conf"
arch-chroot /mnt localectl set-keymap --no-convert de-latin1-nodeadkeys
echo "Done."
echo

##########

# Editing mkinitcpio.conf
echo "Editing /etc/mkinitcpio.conf.."
sed -i '55s/.*/HOOKS=(base udev autodetect microcode modconf kms block keyboard keymap encrypt filesystems fsck shutdown)/' /mnt/etc/mkinitcpio.conf
echo "Done."
echo

# Editing taskbar
#sed -i '65s/.*/launchers=applications:systemsettings.desktop,applications:org.kde.konsole.desktop,applications:firefox.desktop/' /mnt/home/${user}/.config/plasma-org.kde.plasma.desktop-appletsrc

# Creating inital ramdisk
# https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Installation_guide#Initramfs
echo "Creating inital ramdisk for linux-zen.."
arch-chroot /mnt mkinitcpio -p linux-zen
echo "Done."
echo

# Enable network and display manager
echo "Enabling NetworkManager and Plasma Login Manager.."
arch-chroot "/mnt" systemctl enable NetworkManager plasmalogin
echo "Done."
echo

##########

# Set root password
# https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Installation_guide#Root_password
echo "Setting root password.."
echo -en "${pwrt}\n${pwrt}" | arch-chroot "/mnt" passwd
echo "Done."
echo

# Install bootloader
# https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Installation_guide#Boot_loader
echo "Installing systemd-boot.."
arch-chroot "/mnt" bootctl --path=/boot install
echo "Done."
echo

# Get UUID for primary partition
uuid=$(ls -l /dev/disk/by-uuid | grep "${main}" | awk '{print $9}')

# Set bootloader entry
echo "Setting up bootloader.."
cat << EOF > "/mnt/boot/loader/entries/arch.conf"
title   Arch Linux
linux   /vmlinuz-linux-zen
#initrd  /amd-ucode.img 
#initrd  /intel-ucode.img
initrd  /initramfs-linux-zen.img
options cryptdevice=UUID=${uuid}:main
options root=/dev/mapper/main rw
options rootflags=subvol=root
options lang=de locale=de_DE.UTF-8
options init=/usr/lib/systemd/systemd
EOF

# Set bootloader fallback entry
cat << EOF > "/mnt/boot/loader/entries/arch-fallback.conf"
title   Arch Linux Fallback
linux   /vmlinuz-linux
initrd  /initramfs-linux-fallback.img
options cryptdevice=UUID=${uuid}:main
options root=/dev/mapper/main rw
options rootflags=subvol=root
options lang=de locale=de_DE.UTF-8
options init=/usr/lib/systemd/systemd
EOF

# Set bootloader
echo "timeout 1" >> "/mnt/boot/loader/loader.conf"
echo "default arch.conf" >> "/mnt/boot/loader/loader.conf"
echo "Done."
echo

# Set username, password and group
echo "Adding user.."
arch-chroot /mnt useradd -m "${user}"
echo -en "${pwur}\n${pwur}" | arch-chroot /mnt passwd "${user}"
arch-chroot /mnt gpasswd -a "${user}" wheel
sed -i '82s/.*/%wheel ALL=(ALL) ALL/' /mnt/etc/sudoers

# Create keyboard layout
config_dir="/home/${user}/.config"
arch-chroot /mnt sudo -u "${user}" mkdir -p "${config_dir}"
arch-chroot /mnt sudo -u "${user}" bash -c \
  "printf '[Layout]\nLayoutList=de\nUse=true' >> ${config_dir}/kxkbrc"
echo "Done."
echo

# Enabling plasma login manager auto login
echo "Enabling auto login.."
cat << EOF > /mnt/etc/plasmalogin.conf
[Autologin]
Session=plasma.desktop
User=${user}
EOF
echo "Done."
echo

clear

echo "Installation finished!"
#read -p "Do you want to read the log? Type [Y]es or [N]o. " -n 1 -r
#echo
#if [[ ! $REPLY =~ ^[Yy]$ ]]
#then
#    less /tmp/install.log
#fi
#echo

#echo "Press [Enter] to shut down, then remove the installation media and start your system."
#poweroff